The amazing curl strikes again. Using the following allows the
querying of a UNIX socket as if it were a web site with a REST API. This
is how Docker does everything from /var/run/docker.sock (which is just
so fucking brilliant on the part of the Docker team).
curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http://localhost/version
This returns a bunch of JSON that can easily be parsed with jq.
Obviously, this means all you have to do is bind-mount that file (from WSL2 in Windows) in order to use the same Docker within your container as the host system. You could even set up a Docker-ception if you wanted.
This has massive implications for those wanting to use containers as snap-able images of their working environment, much like people have used VMs in the past.