First, extend the disk in VMWare if needed. Then grow the specific partition.
lsblk
sudo growpart /dev/sda 3
Get the name of the logical volume group (VG).
sudo vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
ubuntu-vg 1 1 0 wz--n- 18.22g 0
Expand the logical volume.
sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
Expand the ext3 filesystem.
sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv